Classification of Streptococci
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Lancefield Group
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Species
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Hemolysis
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Associated Diseases
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Treatment
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Lancefield Group
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Species
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Hemolysis
|
Associated Diseases
|
Treatment
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A
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S. pyogenes
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β
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Pharyngitis, tonsillitis, wound and skin infections, septicemia, scarlet fever, pneumonia, rheumatic fever, glomerulonephritis
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Penicillin, erythromycin, clindamycin
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Necrotizing fasciitis
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Expeditious surgical management
β-Lactam (usually broad spectrum until etiology is identified; if GABHS is confirmed, penicillin or cefazolin can be used) plus clindamycin
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B
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S. agalactiae
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β
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Sepsis, postpartum or neonatal sepsis, meningitis, skin infections, endocarditis, septic arthritis, UTIs
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Penicillin or ampicillin, cephalosporin, vancomycin
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C and G
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S. equi, S. canis
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β
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Pharyngitis, pneumonia, cellulitis, pyoderma, erysipelas,
impetigo, wound infections, puerperal sepsis, neonatal sepsis,
endocarditis, septic arthritis
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Penicillin, vancomycin, cephalosporins, macrolides (variable susceptibility)
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D
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Enterococcal:
Enterococcus faecalis, E. faecium
Nonenterococcal:
S. bovis, S. equinus
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α or γ
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Endocarditis, UTI, intra-abdominal infection, cellulitis, wound infection as well as concurrent bacteremia
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Penicillin, ampicillin, vancomycin (plus an aminoglycoside for serious infection)
Vancomycin-resistant enterococci: Streptogramins (quinupristin/dalfopristin), oxazolidinones (linezolid), lipopeptide (daptomycin)
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S. gallolyticus (formerly
S. bovis biotype I)
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Colonic adenomas or carcinomas
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Viridans*
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S. mutans, S. sanguis, S. salivarius, S. mitior, S. milleri
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α or γ
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Endocarditis, bacteremia, meningitis, localized infection, abscesses (particularly
S. milleri)
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Penicillin, ampicillin, vancomycin (plus an aminoglycoside for serious infection), other antibiotics based on in vitro susceptibility
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S. suis
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Meningitis, sometimes toxic shock syndrome
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S. iniae
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Cellulitis, invasive infections from fish
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Penicillin
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*Do not conform to specific serogroups.
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GABHS = group A β-hemolytic streptococci.
Source: http://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/infectious-diseases/gram-positive-cocci/streptococcal-infections | ||||
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